What is Angular Ivy, and how does it impact performance?

Short answer: Angular Ivy is the Angular next-generation rendering engine and compiler introduced officially in Angular 9.

Explain a bit more

It improves: Bundle size: Smaller generated code via better tree shaking and code generation. Build times: Faster incremental builds. Runtime performance: Faster rendering and change detection. Better debugging: More readable generated code and better error messages. Ivy enables partial compilation and supports new features like locality principle (compile only used components).

Real-world example (ShopNest)

ShopNest admin can be built in Angular with modules/components, services for API calls, and reactive forms for product edit.

Say this in the interview

1. Define — one clear sentence (the short answer above).
2. Example — relate it to a project like ShopNest or your real work.
3. Trade-off — when you would not use it.