Encapsulation Preservation:?

Short answer: The Memento Pattern preserves encapsulation because the state is stored in the Memento object, and the TextEditor is not exposed to direct manipulation of its internal state. The only way to change or access the state is through well-defined methods (Save and Restore).

Real-world example (ShopNest)

Use a GoF pattern in ShopNest only when it removes duplication or makes a change safer—explain the problem it solves in the interview.

Say this in the interview

1. Define — one clear sentence (the short answer above).
2. Example — relate it to a project like ShopNest or your real work.
3. Trade-off — when you would not use it.