Thread-Safe Initialization:?

Short answer: The lock keyword is used to ensure that the singleton instance is created only once, even when multiple threads access the Instance property concurrently. This is important in multi-threaded applications where race conditions could otherwise cause multiple instances to be created.

Real-world example (ShopNest)

Use a GoF pattern in ShopNest only when it removes duplication or makes a change safer—explain the problem it solves in the interview.

Say this in the interview

1. Define — one clear sentence (the short answer above).
2. Example — relate it to a project like ShopNest or your real work.
3. Trade-off — when you would not use it.