What is load balancing and how does it apply to Node.js?

Load balancing distributes incoming requests across multiple server instances to:

• Improve performance
• Increase availability and fault tolerance

In Node.js, you can:

• Use the cluster module to spawn workers on multiple CPU cores.
• Use external load balancers like Nginx, HAProxy, or cloud load balancers.
• PM2 also supports clustering with:

pm2 start app.js -i max