What is memoization?

Short answer: An optimization technique to cache function results for repeated inputs. Example: function memoize(fn) { const cache = {}; return x => cache[x] || (cache[x] = fn(x)); }

Example code

An optimization technique to cache function results for repeated inputs. Example: function memoize(fn) { const cache = {};
return x => cache[x] || (cache[x] = fn(x));
}

Real-world example (ShopNest)

ShopNest’s browser cart uses modern JavaScript: fetch APIs with async/await, modules, and clear error handling.

Say this in the interview

1. Define — one clear sentence (the short answer above).
2. Example — relate it to a project like ShopNest or your real work.
3. Trade-off — when you would not use it.