Explain the differences between an API Gateway and a Service Mesh. ● API Gateway: ○ An API Gateway is a single entry point into the system. It handles incoming client requests, routing them to the appropriate microservices, and often includes additional features like load balancing, security (authentication,

Short answer: uthorization), rate-limiting, and caching. The gateway typically focuses on external communication and manages how clients interact with the microservices.

Real-world example (ShopNest)

ShopNest’s API Gateway routes /orders to the Order service and /payments to Payment—clients talk to one entry point.

Say this in the interview

1. Define — one clear sentence (the short answer above).
2. Example — relate it to a project like ShopNest or your real work.
3. Trade-off — when you would not use it.