Timeouts: Test timeouts for requests to ensure that services do not hang indefinitely.?

Short answer: Tools: Chaos Monkey (for failure injection) Resilience4j or Hystrix for testing fault tolerance patterns JUnit for simulating timeouts and retries

Real-world example (ShopNest)

If Payment is down, the Order service fails fast with a circuit breaker instead of hanging every checkout thread.

Say this in the interview

1. Define — one clear sentence (the short answer above).
2. Example — relate it to a project like ShopNest or your real work.
3. Trade-off — when you would not use it.