What is the Circuit Breaker pattern, and how do you implement it?

Short answer: The Circuit Breaker pattern is a design pattern used to prevent a system from repeatedly trying to perform an action that is likely to fail, allowing it to "break" and avoid causing more damage. It helps improve system resilience by detecting failures early and preventing cascading failures. Implementation:

Real-world example (ShopNest)

If Payment is down, the Order service fails fast with a circuit breaker instead of hanging every checkout thread.

Say this in the interview

1. Define — one clear sentence (the short answer above).
2. Example — relate it to a project like ShopNest or your real work.
3. Trade-off — when you would not use it.