How do you handle retries and exponential backoff in microservices communication?

Short answer: Retries are used to handle transient failures by automatically retrying failed requests, while exponential backoff ensures that retries don’t overwhelm the system by gradually increasing the delay between attempts. Implementation:

Real-world example (ShopNest)

ShopNest splits Catalog, Cart, Order, and Payment into services so teams can deploy catalog changes without redeploying payments.

Say this in the interview

1. Define — one clear sentence (the short answer above).
2. Example — relate it to a project like ShopNest or your real work.
3. Trade-off — when you would not use it.